Issue
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Builds are not triggered through curl command and I receive an unauthentication message
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Builds are not triggered and the job is inside a folder
Resolution
Builds are not triggered through curl command and I receive an unauthentication message
This issue usually happen because you didn’t use the escape character ""
For normal builds use:
curl -X POST https://<JENKINS_URL>/buildByToken/build?job=MY_JOB\&token=MY_TOKEN
For builds with parameters you need to use the structure below where Type is the parameter:
curl -X POST https://<JENKINS_URL>/buildByToken/buildWithParameters/build?job=MY_JOB\&token=MY_TOKEN\&Type=Mexican
Diagnostics
Changing the logging level to FINE helped identify the root cause.

Builds are not triggered and the job is inside a folder
As a job name you need to specify the Full Project Name you can get from Jenkins GUI.

So for exampe for the Job below which has as a token mytoken
https://felix.ci.cloudbees.com/job/myfolder/job/build-token-root-plugin-inside-folder/
The right command to trigger the job is:
curl -X POST https://felix.ci.cloudbees.com/buildByToken/build?job=myfolder/build-token-root-plugin-inside-folder\&token=mytoken