Use jobs.<job_id>.if to skip a job, not to force running it if an upstream job failed.
You can use any supported context and expression to create a conditional.
When you use expressions in an if conditional, you may omit the ${{ }} expression syntax because CloudBees automatically evaluates the if conditional as an expression.
However, this rule does not apply everywhere.
You must use the ${{ }} expression syntax or escape with '', "", or () when the expression starts with !, since ! is reserved notation in YAML format.
Using the ${{ }} expression syntax turns the contents into a string, and strings are truthy.
For example, if: true && ${{ false }} evaluates to true.
CloudBees strongly recommends that you avoid mixing use of the ${{ }} expression with other logic, as you may get unexpected results.
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Contexts
Conditionals can be at both the job and step level. A conditional within a job cannot reference any step outputs, because some steps have not yet run.